Pneumatic pump.



A. J.- TYLER.

PNEUMATIC PUMP.

APPLICATION FlLEl] JULY 24, I IZ. 1,139,93U Patented May 18, 1915 3 SHEETSSHEET I.

A. 1. TYLIEIR.

PNEUMATIC PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED-JULY 24. 1912 Patented May 18, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

A. J. TYLER.

PNEUMATIC PUM'P. APPucAno'N FILED JULY 24, I912.

- Patented May 18, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

avwewtov 131K303"! J. TYLER, {3F RQGHESTEB, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR F TWO-THIRDS T6 HOWARD L. "BXDELHAH, 0F .BGCHESTER, YORK.

rnnuiimrro recs/11 S ecification of Letters Patent.

application filed July 24, 1912. Serial No. 711,296.

To aZZ HILUW'L it may concern Be it known that 1, Aaron J. TYLER, citisen of the "United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Pneumatic Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

Ellis invention relates to pneumatic pumps and more particularly to that general class of pumps especially designed .t'or inflating the tires of automobiles, bicycles and the like.

The primary obj set of the invention is the provision of a pneumatic pump of simple, compact and durable construction, capable .of discharging a maximum volume of air and in which friction between the barts thereof is reduced to a minimum.

A further object of the invention is to provide a pump, the construction of which is such that the plungerwill displace a full cylinder of. air at each working stroke thereof. l

A further object is to provide a doubleacting pump having a differential plunger mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder thereof and provided with a novel form of valve for controlling the passage of-air from the intake to the interior of the cylinder.

A further object is to'provide the cylinderhead with a lateral extension having-a valve casing mounted thereon and provided with a nozzle for attachment to an air hose, there being a gage disposed above the casing and a check valve arranged within said casing for controlling the how of'air to the hose and gage, respectively.

A still further object of the invention is generally to improve this class of devices so as to increase their utility, durability and etliciency.

Further objects and advantages will appear in the following description, it being understood that variouschanges inform, proportions and minor details of construction may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims.

For a full understanding ofthe invention and the merits thereof, reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pneumatic pump constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig 2 is a side elevation; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the plunger valve with the different parts thereof separated in order to more clearly show the construction thereof; Fig. t is'a vertical sectional view, showing the plunger at the end of its downward stroke; Fig. 5 is a similar view, showing the plunger near the end of its upward stroke; Fig. 6 isan enlarged transverse sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5 and looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the lower end of the plunger, showing the construction of the plunger valve; Fig. 8'is a detail perspective view of the check valve for controlling the flow of air to the nozzle and gage, respectively, de-

tached; Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the .intakevalve detached. g

like parts are referred to in the following description and indi- (Jorresponding and cated in all the views of the drawings b the same reference characters.

The improved pump forming the subject matter of the present invention comprises a cylinder 5 having upper and lower heads 6 and 7, the interior walls of which are threaded at 8 for engagement with the correspondingly threaded ends of the cylinder, as sho wn. Secured to the lower head 7, is a supporting base 9 having a foot piece 10 adapted to rest on the ground or other suitable support and provided with spaced converging arms 11 terminating in a split ring 12 adapted to encircle the lowerhead 7 of the cylinder and in which position it is retained by means of a clamping screw- 13, passing through outstanding cars 14: formed on the split ring, as best shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The split; ring 12 is provided with an inwardly extending flange 15 adapted to receive the lower head 7, the latter be ing provided with a threaded'extension 16 for engagement with a correspondingly threaded cap 17. The cap 17 is provided with one or more screens 18 which extend across the lower end of the head 7 and ser've to prevent-theentrance of dust, dirt, and 1 other foreign matter to thecperating parts of the pump.

Arranged at the 5, is an inletvalve lththc seatof which is lower end of the cylinder provided with aiiannular flange 20which rests o shoulder extending inwardly from the lower head 7, therebeing a ga'sket 22 interposed between the flange-20 and the adjacent threaded'end of the cylinder in menace;

the sectien of the valve is provided shoulder 89 formed in the inner the valve casing as best shown in 1 or the drawings. The valve casing cvided with laterally extending per-.-

which register with correears formed on the extension 61, carts being clampedtogether by screws or slnilar fastening devices 71. The en ion t lt is formed with a recess 72 arnged directly below the check valve 65 with which communicates .a duct or leading to the interior of the cynn er 5. The upper end of the casing 62 closed by a cap piece 7e'having a threaded opening t'ierein to permit the attachment of a pressure gage 75 of any suitahleconstruo tion.

Threaded in the upper end of the head 6, is a gland 76 having .a cup-shaped depression 77 formed therein which surrounds the plunger 30 and serves to receive a quantity of oii for lubricating theplunger. The interior of the head (5 is provided with a curved wall 78 which forms a seat for a gasket or washer 79 and interposed be: tween said washer and the gland 76, is a suitable packing 80. Thus it will be seen that when the gland 76 is rotated to compress the packing 80, the washer 79 will be expanded into contact with the walls of the plunger 30 and thus form a tight joint between the parts. The inner wall of the head 6 is also preferably provided with spaced shoulders 81 and 82, one of which forms .a stop for limiting the upward movement of the plunger 30, while the other forms a seat for a gasket 83 interposed between said shoulder and the adjacent end of the cylinder, as best shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

In practice, the operator either inserts his foot between the walls 11 of the foot piece or stirrup and operates the plunger by reciproc'ating the handle 34, or straddles the pump with one foot on each end of the plate 10. On the downward stroke of the plunger, the intake valve 19 will-he closed, and the air below the plunger'will pass out through the valve formed by the disks 3!) and 47 to the interior of the cylinder. On the upward stroke of the plunger, the intake valve 19 will be automatically moved to open position, while the valve disks 39 and 47 will be retained in closed position by the tension of the springs 44 and 51, the air in the cylinder being forced upwardly and laterally through the duct 73 to the nozzle 63 and gage 75, respectively. It will ,of course he, understood that prior to operating the pump. the usual air hose leading to the inflation valve on an-automobilc or bicycle, will be attached to the nipple 63 so that as the plunger is reciprocated, air will be forced through said hose to the tire, and at series of openings 68 and normally the same time, the pressure of the air will he indicated on the gage. It will here be noted that the openings 68 in the member (it. of the check valve permit the flow of air through said member 6 to the. gage, While the depending extension 8 1 forms a guide for the stem of the valve 65.

The particular construction of the plunger head and the double valve formed by the valve disks 39 and 1 7 and the particular con struction of the inlet valve 19 and its seat is of great importance to the efliciency of my pneumatic pump.

and that the inner face of the head thus formed by the wall. of the valve seat is flat except where centrally bent to form the seat proper for the valve 19. seen from Fig. 4 that when the valve 19 is closed its upper face is flush with the upper face of the head closing the lower end of the cylinder. The construction of the'plungcr head 38 is such that the lower face of the valve disk 3!) is practically flush with the lower face 7) of the plunger head when the disk 39 is closed and the upper face of the lvalve disk 47 is flush with the upper face (I, of the plunger head when this valve is closed, as shown clearly in Fig. 5. X ow upon-a downward movement'of the plunger from its uppermostposition the air in the lower portion of the cylinder is compressed and passes through the 'ilunger head into the upper portion of the cylinder andwhen the plunger reaches its lowermost position,

It will be noted from Figs. 4 and 5 that the upper face of the head 7 is formed with an annular flange 20 i It will also heshown in Fig. 4, the flat under face I) of the plunger head will fit closely against the fiat upper face of the closedcnd of the cylinder and against the fiat upper face of the valve 1f),v and, inasmuch as all air has been forced out between the plunger head and the lower end of the cylinder, the valve 39 will close from the force of its spring thus preventing any trapping of air within the hollow plunger head. Upon the upward movement of the plunger. the upper valve 47 will close and the air contained in the upper portion 5" of the cylinder above the head 1/. and between the body 3 of the plunger and the cylinder will be compressed and forced out through the port 73. It will be seen that no air is left between the lower end of the Hunger headand the closed lower end of the cylinder upon the full downward movement of the piston. and this is due to the fact that the valve 19 when closed is' flush with the face of the plunger bead and that the valve-39 wbon closed is flush with head should he thoroughly packed so as to prevent the leakage of air around the plunger head. In order to provide for this packing the plunger head must be relatively deep or thick, it being impossible to properly pack a plunger head which is shallow or thin. Where packing rings are used, provision must be made for a plurality of these rings, and where a packing cup is used,

l fith a relativcly deep head, a relatively long passage must be provided through the head and this passage, if only one valve is used to control the flow of air therethrough, will contain air under compression, which vvill act to cushion the stroke of the plunger and will very greatly reduce the eiliciency of the pump. it no lower valve, as vvere provided in this plunger, then upon a descent of the plunger, air would be compressed within the plunger head tothe same degree as it is below the head and the space in the plunger under the upper valve rlislr, would contain compressed air. On the return stroke of the plunger this air \vculd expand hack and fill the bottom of the cylinder and the pres ure would have to be reduced to normal heiore any more air could he gotten into the cylinder from the outside. 'llhisvvould not only serve to shorten the vvcrking stroke of the pump, but, at the same time. a portion of the energy used to compress the'air contained within the plunger would he lost. If no upper valve, as ll, were provided in this plunger, loss of stroke and power vvould result. this being due to the fact that the air above the plunger face a and contained in the space 5 compressed to a much higher degree upon the upstroke of the plunger than the air in the lower portion of the cylinder belovv the plunger face 3) aipon the down stroke of the plunger. In order to compress the air and do it effectively, without iossof plunger stroke and energy, every hitof the air rnust be forced out on each and every stroke of the plunger. This result is secured, as before stated, by the fact that the upper valve disk seats flush with the upper end of the plunger head vvhile the lovver valve disk seats flush with the lower face of the plunger head. The "whole object of the valve construction, therefore, is to prevent trapping of air under compression Within the relatively long passage formed in the piston head; ile it would.

v valve shall close.

incense be theoretically possible to make a piston head with only one valve which would not trap air within the piston head, either on the up stroke or dovvn stroke, yet it is moi practically possible so to do, as before stated, because of the necessity of providing space for the packing. Ha single valve was provided having a depth equal to the depth or thickness of a. relatively deep or thick head, the valve could not he guided properly and it would be of such weight as would prevent its necessarily delicate operation. In order to reduce this weight, the valve might be cut away at its middle to provide two valve disks connected by an integral stem, but in this case it would he very ditlicult, if not impossible, to put such a valve in place and, therefore, it is necessary to form the valve controlling the passage of air through the plunger of two sections or parts, each being formed with a valve disk coacting with its own proper seat. This permits the valve to be readily set in place and as readily removed and adjusted. and this further permits of the slightly independent operation of the two valve disks that one disk can close before or after the other disk. A further reason for forming the valve in two sec tions, each having its own valve disk and each being independently closable and operable by an independent spring is that the lower valve disk 39 must not be retarded in'its closing movement by the upper valve disk l7. l'pr n the downward movement of the plunger the lower valve disk opens as does the upper valve disk. Now. when the plunger arrives at the lower end of its stroke. it is necessary that the valve 39 shall immediately close. Air under compression will be contained within the space surrounding the valve stem and this air will, to a certain extent. resist the movement-of the upper valve 4-7. It does not matter, at this time. whether the upper valve 17 closes or not, but it most essential that the lower In order for the upper valve to close. it must slightly compress the air Within the passage through the head and even this slight compression of air, will tend to retard the closing of the upper valve, and therefore, check the chosing of the lower valve disk, were the two isks connected integrally so as to move together. It will, therefore, be seen that it is essential to the complete and perfect operation of my pump that it should have the peculiar structure shown.

It will of course he understood thalrl'the size and shape of the foot piece may" be varied, and that any style of valve may he employed for controlling the intake of air to the lower end of the cylinder. While the pump is principally designed for inflating the pneumatic tires of autornohilee, it will he Hill llld

ciprocation within the cylinder and including a. plunger head having a passage therethrough formed with a valve seat at its upper end and a valve seat at its lower end, and a double valve including an upper and a lower valve disk and a stem, said double valve opening inward, one of said valve disks seating against the upper seat, the other ot said valve disks'seating againstthe lower seat, the upper valve disk when seated having its upper face lying flush with the upper face of the head and the lower valve disk when seated having its lower face lying flush with the under face of the head.

9. A pneumatic pump including a cylinder having an outlet at one end, the other end of the cylinder being closed by a cylinder-head having an inlet passage and a valve surrounding the passage, the inner face of said head being flat, an inwardly opening valve controlling said passage and having a flat inner face adapted when the, valve is closed to L e flush with the inner face of the head, and a difierential plunger mounted for reciprocation within the cylinder and including a plunger head having a passage vtherethrough formed with a valve seat at its upper end and a valve seat'atits lower end, and a double valve including an upper and a lower valve disk and a StCIll, Sflld double valve opening inward, one of said valve disks seating against the upper seat, the other of said valve disks seating against the lower seat, the upper valve disk when seated having its upper face lying flush with the upper face of the *head and the lower valve disk when seated having its lower face lying flush with the under face of the head.

10. In a pneumatic pump, the combination with a cylinder having an outlet opening in one end, an inlet opening at the other and, and an inwardly opening'valv'e controlling said inlet opening, of a plunger working in said cylinder, a head at the lower end of the plunger, a connecting member secured within the lower end of the plunger around the head and provided with radial openings establishing communication between the bore of the head and the interior of the cylinder, a spider within the head constructed with a valve seat immediately adjacent the openings through the connecting member, a valve guided by said spider and seating in the lower end of the head, and a second valve guided'by the first-mentioned valve and seating upon the spider.

11. In a pneumatic pump, the combination with a cylinder having an outlet opene end, and an inwardly opening valve con trolling said inlet opening, of a plunger working in said cylinder, a cylindrical member secured in and closing thelower end of the plunger and provided with radial openings forming a communication between the interior of said member and the space between the plunger and the cylinder, a head having an upwardly extending cylindrical portion secured within the lower end of said cylindrical connecting member, a spider secured in the upper end of said extension and having a valve seat formed on its upper end, a valve seating in t is lower end of the head and provided with a stem extending upwardly through the spider, a second valve fitting over the said stem of the first-mentioned valve and seating upon the spider, a spring disposed between the connecting member and the said second valve, and a spring disposed between the spider and the first-mentioned valve.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AARON J. TYLER. [1,. 5.1

Witnesses SAMUEL N. Acnnn, -W. N. Woonsox.

in one end, an inlet opening at the'other messes understood that the pump may be used with equally good results for attachment to air compressors and the like without departing from the spirit of the invention. then the pump is used in connection with an air compressor, the usual packing rings will be used in lieu of the cup shaped leather Washer 57'.

' F rom the foregoing description, it will be seen that the pump is so constructed that the several parts thereof may be" readily detached to permit of repairs or replacement of anypart when necessary, and that the differential plunger permits displacement of a full cylinder of air at each Working stroke thereof with the least possible friction between the parts.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

-ent area and formed with inner valve seats about in the planesof the respective plum ger faces, and spaced valves arranged within the plunger and adapted to close upon the respective valve seats in. the same direction.

2. A pneumatic pump ncluding a cvlinder, a differential plunger operating within the cylinder, an intake valve arranged at one end of the cylinder, an outlet arranged near the other end of the cylinder, and coacting independently moving valve disks disposed one above the other in the lower end of the plunger and movable to open position upon a down stroke of the plunger.

3. A pneumatic pump including a cylinder, an intake valve disposed at one end of the cylinder, a differential plunger operat- .1ng Within the'cvlinder and including a relatively thick head having a passage'there through, andcoacting valve disks disposed one above the other in the said head and movable to open position upon the down stroke of the piston and to closed position upon the up stroke of the piston.

4. A pneumatic pump including a cylinder having an outlet at one end, the other end of the cylinder being closedby a cylinder-head having an inlet passage, an inwardly opening valve controlling said,passage, a -diderential plunger mounted for re ciprocation Within the cylinder and includ ing a plunger head having a passage there through formed with a valve seat at its outer end and at its inner end, and a double valve comprising an upper and a lower valve disk, and a stem operatively connecting the valve disks, said double valve opening inward, and one of said valve disks seating against the seat at one end of the passage, the other of said valve disks seating against the seat formed at the other end of the passage.

5. A pneumatic pump including acylinder having an outlet at one end, the other end of the cylinder having an inlet .pas-

upon the cylinder and including a plun sage, an inwardly opening valve controlling said passage, a differential plunger mounted for reciprocation Within the cylinder and including a plunger head having a passa e therethrougli, the outer end of the pas. being formed with a valve seat and the inner end of the passage being also formed rocation Within the cylinder and including plunger head having a passage there through, a valve controlling the ilovv of air through said passage, formed in two sections, each of said 0- tions having a valve disk, each of said c s coacting with one oi"; the valve seats formed in. said p, age, the lower disk when seated ravine" lower face flush with the lovver face of the plunger, the upper. disk when seated having its upper face flush with the upper face of the plunger, and means yieldto; r each of said disks to its scat.

tmatic pump including a cvlining an outlet at one end. the ot will *liuder being t osed by a cviiir v ing an inlet pa said cyliir der he upon i s inside f; oeing fiat, :12? inwardly opening valve controlling id pas sage the inner of said valve being list A g ilush n ""h the flat inner face oi the head ivl en tli valve is seated, and a ditierential plunger mounted for reci 'irocation head having a passage iherethrougli. spaced valve seats at the ends of the pas-- sage about in line with the plungertaceaand valve nic the same direction upon the s of air Within the plunger heat sion of the trapped air upon mo the head. v

A pneumatic pump including cylin; der having an outlet at one the other end of the cylinder being closed a cyliis der head having an. inlet surrounding the passage, ti said head being iiat, an inwardly valvecontrolling said passage and havinement o;

fiat inner face adapted when the valve is closed to lie iiushv withthe inner of the heerha differential plunger mounted for resaid valve being 

